Animagine XL 3.0

Animagine XL 3.0 is the latest version of the sophisticated open-source anime text-to-image model, building upon the capabilities of its predecessor, Animagine XL 2.0. Developed based on Stable Diffusion XL, this iteration boasts superior image generation with notable improvements in hand anatomy, efficient tag ordering, and enhanced knowledge about anime concepts. Unlike the previous iteration, we focused on training the model to learn concepts rather than just aesthetics.

Model Details

Developed by: Cagliostro Research Lab
Model type: Diffusion-based text-to-image generative model
Model Description: Animagine XL 3.0 is engineered to generate high-quality anime images from textual prompts. It features enhanced hand anatomy, better concept understanding, and prompt interpretation, making it the most advanced model in its series.
License: CreativeML Open RAIL++-M License
Finetuned from model: Animagine XL 2.0

Gradio & Colab Integration

Animagine XL 3.0 is accessible through user-friendly platforms such as Gradio and Google Colab:

Gradio Web UI: Open In Spaces
Google Colab: Open In Colab

🧨 Diffusers Installation

To use Animagine XL 3.0, install the required libraries as follows:

Bash

pip install diffusers --upgrade
pip install transformers accelerate safetensors

Example script for generating images with Animagine XL 3.0:

Python

import torch
from diffusers import (
    StableDiffusionXLPipeline, 
    EulerAncestralDiscreteScheduler,
    AutoencoderKL
)

# Load VAE component
vae = AutoencoderKL.from_pretrained(
    "madebyollin/sdxl-vae-fp16-fix",
    torch_dtype=torch.float16
)

# Configure the pipeline
pipe = StableDiffusionXLPipeline.from_pretrained(
    "Linaqruf/animagine-xl-3.0", 
    vae=vae,
    torch_dtype=torch.float16, 
    use_safetensors=True, 
)
pipe.scheduler = EulerAncestralDiscreteScheduler.from_config(pipe.scheduler.config)
pipe.to('cuda')

# Define prompts and generate image
prompt = "1girl, arima kana, oshi no ko, solo, upper body, v, smile, looking at viewer, outdoors, night"
negative_prompt = "nsfw, lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, artist name"

image = pipe(
    prompt, 
    negative_prompt=negative_prompt, 
    width=832,
    height=1216,
    guidance_scale=7,
    num_inference_steps=28
).images[0]

Usage Guidelines

Tag Ordering

Prompting is a bit different in this iteration, for optimal results, it's recommended to follow the structured prompt template because we train the model like this:

SQL

1girl/1boy, character name, from what series, everything else in any order.

Special Tags

Like the previous iteration, this model was trained with some special tags to steer the result toward quality, rating and when the content was created. The model can still do the job without these special tags, but it’s recommended to use them if we want to make the model easier to handle.

Quality Modifiers

Quality Modifier	Score Criterion
`masterpiece`	>150
`best quality`	100-150
`high quality`	75-100
`medium quality`	25-75
`normal quality`	0-25
`low quality`	-5-0
`worst quality`	<-5

Rating Modifiers

Rating Modifier	Rating Criterion
`rating: general`	General
`rating: sensitive`	Sensitive
`rating: questionable`, `nsfw`	Questionable
`rating: explicit`, `nsfw`	Explicit

Year Modifier

These tags help to steer the result toward modern or vintage anime art styles, ranging from newest to oldest.

Year Tag	Year Range
`newest`	2022 to 2023
`late`	2019 to 2021
`mid`	2015 to 2018
`early`	2011 to 2014
`oldest`	2005 to 2010

Recommended settings

To guide the model towards generating high-aesthetic images, use negative prompts like:

CSS

nsfw, lowres, bad anatomy, bad hands, text, error, missing fingers, extra digit, fewer digits, cropped, worst quality, low quality, normal quality, jpeg artifacts, signature, watermark, username, blurry, artist name

For higher quality outcomes, prepend prompts with:

Code

masterpiece, best quality

However, exercise caution when using masterpiece and best quality, as these tags are frequently associated with NSFW datasets. It’s better to add nsfw, rating: sensitive to the negative prompt and rating: general to the positive prompt. it’s recommended to use a lower classifier-free guidance (CFG Scale) of around 5-7, sampling steps below 30, and to use Euler Ancestral (Euler a) as a sampler.

Multi Aspect Resolution

This model supports generating images at the following dimensions:

Dimensions	Aspect Ratio
`1024 x 1024`	1:1 Square
`1152 x 896`	9:7
`896 x 1152`	7:9
`1216 x 832`	19:13
`832 x 1216`	13:19
`1344 x 768`	7:4 Horizontal
`768 x 1344`	4:7 Vertical
`1536 x 640`	12:5 Horizontal
`640 x 1536`	5:12 Vertical

Training and Hyperparameters

Animagine XL 3.0 was trained on a 2x A100 GPU with 80GB memory for 21 days or over 500 gpu hours. The training process encompassed three stages:
- Base:
  - Feature Alignment Stage: Utilized 1.2m images to acquaint the model with basic anime concepts.
  - Refining UNet Stage: Employed 2.5k curated datasets to only fine-tune the UNet.
- Curated:
  - Aesthetic Tuning Stage: Employed 3.5k high-quality curated datasets to refine the model's art style.

Hyperparameters

Stage	Epochs	UNet Learning Rate	Train Text Encoder	Text Encoder Learning Rate	Batch Size	Mixed Precision	Noise Offset
Feature Alignment Stage	10	7.5e-6	True	3.75e-6	48 x 2	fp16	N/A
Refining UNet Stage	10	2e-6	False	N/A	48	fp16	0.0357
Aesthetic Tuning Stage	10	1e-6	False	N/A	48	fp16	0.0357

Model Comparison

Training Config

Configuration Item	Animagine XL 2.0	Animagine 3.0
GPU	A100 80G	2 x A100 80G
Dataset	170k + 83k images	1271990 + 3500 Images
Shuffle Separator	N/A	True
Global Epochs	20	20
Learning Rate	1e-6	7.5e-6
Batch Size	32	48 x 2
Train Text Encoder	True	True
Train Special Tags	True	True
Image Resolution	1024	1024
Bucket Resolution	2048 x 512	2048 x 512

Source code and training config are available here: https://github.com/cagliostrolab/sd-scripts/tree/main/notebook

Limitations

While "Animagine XL 3.0" represents a significant advancement in anime text-to-image generation, it's important to acknowledge its limitations to understand its best use cases and potential areas for future improvement.

Concept Over Artstyle Focus: The model prioritizes learning concepts rather than specific art styles, which might lead to variations in aesthetic appeal compared to its predecessor.
Non-Photorealistic Design: Animagine XL 3.0 is not designed for generating photorealistic or realistic images, focusing instead on anime-style artwork.
Anatomical Challenges: Despite improvements, the model can still struggle with complex anatomical structures, particularly in dynamic poses, resulting in occasional inaccuracies.
Dataset Limitations: The training dataset of 1.2 million images may not encompass all anime characters or series, limiting the model's ability to generate less known or newer characters.
Natural Language Processing: The model is not optimized for interpreting natural language, requiring more structured and specific prompts for best results.
NSFW Content Risk: Using high-quality tags like 'masterpiece' or 'best quality' carries a risk of generating NSFW content inadvertently, due to the prevalence of such images in high-scoring training datasets.

These limitations highlight areas for potential refinement in future iterations and underscore the importance of careful prompt crafting for optimal results. Understanding these constraints can help users better navigate the model's capabilities and tailor their expectations accordingly.

Acknowledgements

We extend our gratitude to the entire team and community that contributed to the development of Animagine XL 3.0, including our partners and collaborators who provided resources and insights crucial for this iteration.

Main: For the open source grant supporting our research, thank you so much.
Cagliostro Lab Collaborator: For helping quality checking during pretraining and curating datasets during fine-tuning.
Kohya SS: For providing the essential training script and merged our PR about keep_tokens_separator or Shuffle Separator.
Camenduru Server Community: For invaluable insights and support and quality checking
NovelAI: For inspiring how to build the datasets and label it using tag ordering.

Collaborators

License

This model is licensed under the CreativeML Open RAIL++-M License.

To ensure full compatibility with the upstream SDXL ecosystem and standard usage rights, this model adheres strictly to the original SDXL terms, which include:

✅ Permitted: Commercial use, modifications, distribution, private use
❌ Prohibited: Illegal activities, harmful content generation, discrimination, exploitation

Note: This license supersedes any previous community license tags (e.g., FAIPL) applied to earlier versions of this repository, ensuring full compatibility with the standard SDXL ecosystem.

Please refer to the full license agreement for complete details.